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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(4): 891-898, Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-647690

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever e avaliar a mordedura canina e o atendimento antirrábico humano em Minas Gerais, de 1999 a 2004, correlacionando fontes de informação e áreas de risco predeterminadas para raiva humana transmitida por cão. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo retrospectivo, utilizando-se, de forma adaptada, a análise exploratória de prontuários dos atendimentos da Superintendência de Epidemiologia da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Minas Gerais (339.012 de atendimentos), do Sistema de Informação de Notificação de Agravos, do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares e do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (132.452 fichas). Para a classificação dos agravos, usou-se o Código Internacional de Doenças (10ª revisão). Os dados foram armazenados e analisados com auxílio dos softwares Epi-Info, Tab-Win e Office®. Verificou-se que o tratamento antirrábico humano é excessivo nas áreas de baixo e médio risco para raiva e, ao contrário, reduzido nas áreas de alto risco. O perfil do paciente é estudante masculino, menor de 14 anos, residente em área urbana de baixo risco para raiva humana transmitida por cão, com mordedura única nos membros, provocada por cão sadio e observável. Os sistemas de informação não oferecem a confiabilidade necessária ao médico responsável para a prescrição do tratamento antirrábico adequado. A profilaxia da raiva deve ter um aspecto multicêntrico, com interfaces na atenção tanto à saúde humana quanto à animal, o que não tem ocorrido, propiciando falhas na vigilância e no atendimento do agravo.


The objective of the present paper is describe and evaluate dog bite and some aspects of anti-rabid human care in Minas Gerais during five years, correlating the sources of information and epidemiological risk areas defined for human rabies transmitted by dogs in the State. We performed an observational retrospective study by adapted exploration form analysis, from 1999 to 2004, using databases of Epidemiology of Minas Gerais and National Information Systems of reportable disease, Immunization, Mortality, Hospitalization, International Code of Diseases (10th revision). The areas of risk for human rabies transmitted by dogs were pre determined. The dog bite is still the main complaint that leads to care. The profile of the patient is a male student, under 14 years of age, with a single wound in members, resident in an urban low risk area for human rabies transmitted by dogs, and is healthy and observable. The treatment is excessive in areas of low and medium risk. In high-risk areas, there is a low indication of treatment. Information systems do not offer the reliability required by the doctor responsible for prescribing the appropriate anti-rabies treatment. Rabies prophylaxis should have a multi-centre aspect, with interfaces in attention to health and veterinary, which has not occurred, providing surveillance failures.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Rabies/immunology , Rabies/prevention & control , Rabies/veterinary , Epidemiology/statistics & numerical data , Vaccination Coverage , Medical Records/statistics & numerical data
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 21(3): 461-70, Mar. 1988. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-60228

ABSTRACT

The cellular immune response to M. leprae and BCG antigens was evaluated in 98 leprosy patients and 143 household contacts lacking clinical manifestation of the disease. The proliferative responses and release of Interferon-gamma by peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed and both patients and contacts were classified as low or high responders to M. leprae. The high responder contacts constitued 54.8% of the population analyzed, a three times higher proportion when compared to the controls, indicating the possible existence of active infection among them. The correlation coefficient between the immunological response to M. leprae and BCG was found to be higher within the contact group than in the patients, suggesting that cross-reactivity defense mechanisms against mycobacteria exist even before the onset of clinical detectable disease


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , In Vitro Techniques , Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Leprosy/immunology , Mycobacterium bovis/immunology , Mycobacterium leprae/immunology , Immunity, Cellular
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